Plow blade with water passageway and method of constructing same

ABSTRACT

A plow blade having a fluid passageway and points of fluid ejection is produced with basic manufacturing processes allowing for efficient production. The blade construction has a multiple component assembly for providing the ability to rebuild a blade and replacing a portion of the blade that may be worn. In another aspect of the invention a process of ejecting a specific fluid at specific points along a plow blade the desirable characteristics are maximized, while the volume of ejected fluid is minimized. This method is adaptable in static plowing and vibratory plowing utilities since lubricating the sides of the blade/chute that come into contact with the ground with fluid has been found to greatly reduce the amount of drag (friction).

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of and claims the benefit of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 10/396,619, filed Mar. 25, 2003, entitled“PLOW BLADE WITH WATER PASSAGEWAY.”

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not Applicable

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Many types of services are delivered to homes through conduits installedin relatively shallow underground trenches. These include telephone,television, natural gas, electricity, and drainage. These utilities areoften installed with a plow. FIG. 1 illustrates an example installationof a utility 20 with a prior art plowing process. A plow 30 is attachedto a prime mover, typically a tractor 10. The tractor 10 propels theplow through the ground. The plow 10 is relatively narrow and will splitthe ground open with a sharpened steel blade. The utility line 20 isintroduced into the ground through a chute 40 that is attached to anddirectly behind the blade. The chute 40 holds the ground open as theutility line 20 is being fed into the desired vertical position andplaces the utility line 20 into a horizontal position at the desireddepth under ground.

An alternate configuration is illustrated in FIG. 2 where the utilityline 20 is laid out on the ground behind its intended position and thenthe plow 30 is connected to one end. The plow is then pulled through theground in order to pull the utility line 20 into the correct position.In this configuration there is no chute.

Depending on the desired depth, size of utility line, and the ground(soil) conditions (clay, sand, loam, etc.). This process may be slow andrequire a large amount of power from the tractor 10 to pull theblade/chute through the ground. To reduce this loading various effortshave been made to inject liquid to the plow and to the utility beinginstalled to wet the ground.

In some past designs the liquid was water, ejected in the direction oftravel of the plow blade, and at the edge of the plow blade, utilizingthe water to assist in the cutting action required to slice the ground.

In other designs, useful for applications as illustrated in FIG. 2, theliquid has been water directed to the area around the utility line beingpulled through the ground to lubricate and reduce the frictional drag.

In still other designs water has been directed through long holes 36drilled into the blade 34 of the plow 30. Additional cross-drilled holesthreaded to accept cooperating nozzles 38 are drilled near front edge32, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. Water was then pumped into inletfitting 37 to route water to the sides of the plow. This design hasproven successful as the lubrication provided by the water significantlyreduces the power necessary to pull the plow. However this requirescomplicated manufacturing processes, with the result that a wear item,the blade, becomes a relatively expensive component. There exists a needfor a blade to provide this water distribution in a manner that is lessexpensive to initially manufacture and to maintain.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a novel design for a plow blade whichprovides a fluid passage and points of fluid ejection which is producedwith basic manufacturing processes allowing efficient production.

Another aspect of the present invention is a blade constructionincluding a multiple component assembly. This provides the ability torebuild a blade, replacing a portion of the blade that may be worn.

In another aspect of the present invention a process of ejecting aspecific fluid at specific points along a plow blade the desirablecharacteristics are maximized, while the volume of ejected fluid isminimized. This method is adaptable in static plowing and vibratoryplowing utilities. Lubricating the sides of the blade/chute that comeinto contact with the ground with fluid has been found to greatly reducethe amount of drag (friction).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side view of a prior art tractor propelling a plow throughthe ground and installing a utility line that is being ejected through achute attached to the plow;

FIG. 2 is a side view of a prior art tractor propelling a plow throughthe ground and installing a utility that is being pulled through theground and attached to the plow;

FIG. 3 is side view of a prior art plow;

FIG. 4 is cross section of the prior art plow taken along line 4-4 asillustrated in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a side view of one embodiment of a plow constructed in amanner of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a portion of another embodiment of theplow of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-section taken along plane 7-7 as illustrated in FIG.6;

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of a front edge section;

FIG. 9 is an isometric view of a portion of still another embodiment ofthe plow of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-section taken along plane 10-10 as illustrated inFIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a side view of another preferred embodiment of a plowconstructed in a manner of the present invention;

FIG. 11A is an enlarged view of the part marked 11A in FIG. 11;

FIG. 12 is a cross-section taken along plane 12-12 as illustrated inFIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is cross-section taken along plane 13-13 as illustrated in FIG.11;

FIG. 14 is a partial cross-section taken along plane 13-13 asillustrated in FIG. 11: and

FIG. 15 is a view like FIG. 7 but showing an alternate embodiment withthe void or channel formed in the blade instead of in the back of thefront edge section.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Referring now to the drawings, like reference numerals designateidentical or corresponding parts throughout the several views. Theincluded drawings reflect the current preferred and alternateembodiments. There are many additional embodiments that may utilize thepresent invention. The drawings are not meant to include all suchpossible embodiments.

FIG. 5 illustrates a plow 100 constructed according to the principles ofthe present invention. Plow 100 consists of blade 110, leading edgesections 120, point 130 and a fluid tube 140. Chute 40 is attached tothe rear edge 114 of blade 110, and is constructed to receive and guideutility line 20 from above the ground to the desired depth where it isoriented generally parallel to the ground surface. In other embodiments,the chute may be replaced by a puller adapted to hold a utility linethat is being pulled through the ground, similar to the arrangementshown in FIG. 2.

The blade 110 further includes a front edge 112, a top end 116 and abottom end 118. The top end 116 includes apertures 117 which will serveas attachment points, to adapt to a power unit. Many different types ofpower units can be used in conjunction with the preset invention.

The bottom end 118 is adapted to support a variety of points 130. Thetype of point to be installed may be dependent upon the soil conditionsof a particular job.

A component of the present invention is the manner in which thecomponents are assembled to form flow paths for fluid to exit the bladeat controlled locations and with a controlled flow rate. The flow pathsof this first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5 are defined when thefront edge 120 is attached to the blade 110. FIG. 8 illustrates a void124 in surface 122 of leading edge section 120. Fluid tube 140 isadapted to travel in void 124 to transfer pressurized fluid from the topof plow 100 into the void 124, and may be sealed with weld 152illustrated in FIG. 6. Other forms of sealing the connection between thetube 140 and the front edge sections 120 are possible, but are notillustrated herein as they are not a critical element of the presentinvention. Tube 140 has a top end 144 and a bottom end 146 and mayextend into void 124 for any desired distance, as will be explainedlater.

As illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7 the leading edge sections are attachedto blade 110 with stitch welds 150. Flow paths are defined by providinga small gap 154 between the front surface 112 of the blade and the rearsurface 122. The spaces between the stitch welds 150 results a flow pathfor the pressurized fluid, allowing fluid to pass from the void 124,through the gap 154 between surfaces 122 and 112, and out between thestitch welds 150. In this manner, the location and length of the stitchwelds 150 defines the location at which the fluid will exit the blade110. The gap 154 (FIG. 7) between the Surfaces 112 and 122 combined withthe total amount of weld gap will define the volume at which the fluidwill be ejected from the blade 110 at a certain fluid pressure.

FIG. 15 shows an alternate arrangement of the FIG. 7 structure, havingthe void or groove 224 formed in the front of the blade instead ofhaving the void or groove 124 formed in the back of the leading edgesection as shown in FIG. 7.

The fluid pressure at a certain point along the blade's length willvary. If the tube 140 terminates at the top of blade 110, the fluidpressure will be highest at that point and will decrease at pointscloser to the bottom. This is not ideal as there tends to be moreresistance from the soils near the bottom of the blade, which requiresthe highest fluid pressure near that area. This is due to the types ofsoils typically encountered at lower depths. The surface soils typicallyinclude some percentage of organic matter, and higher percentage of airpockets: it is typically less dense. The soils encountered at pointsdeeper can include the more difficult soils including clay. Thus thereis an area, illustrated in FIG. 5, as a critical high friction area.This is the area in which the fluid is most critical. In order to assurethat the fluid is ejected most aggressively in this area tube 140 can beextended so that it terminates at a position towards the bottom of thiscritical high friction area, the tube end 146 is located near the bottomend 118 of the blade 110. The fluid pressure in void 124 will be highestat the point the tube terminates. In this manner the volume of fluid atthis point can be maximized.

In addition to varying the length of tube 140, the number of leadingedge sections 120 that are welded onto blade 110 can be varied to matchthe requirements of a specific job, including specific installationdepths. The number of and location of the stitch welds can also beadjusted to tailor a plow 100 for a specific application. In this mannerit is possible to provide a nearly infinite variety of configurations inan economic manner.

Another embodiment is illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10. In thisconfiguration a manifold 160 is installed in between the blade 110 andthe leading edge sections 120. The manifold includes drilled holes 166extending from a front side 164 to a rear side 162, as illustrated inFIG. 10. The drilled holes 166 intersect at the middle, and when theleading edges 120 are installed onto the front side 164 the drilledholes 166 will terminate at the void 124 in the leading edge 120. Inthis manner a flow path is defined by the void 124 and the holes 166which will allow fluid to be routed from tube 140 to nozzles 168 thatare installed at the rear side 162 of the manifold 160.

In this embodiment varying the nozzles 168 utilized in the assemblyallows control of the flow rates and location of the fluid injection.The nozzles 168 can be replaced by plugs (not shown) if there are areaswhere fluid is not required, and the size of the nozzles 168 can bevaried if the there are areas where extra flow is required. It providesa plow that can be modified using hand tools, without welding.

Still another preferred embodiment is illustrated in FIGS. 11, 11A, 12and 13. In this embodiment the fluid tube 140 has been located on theopposite side of blade 110, the rear side 114. As can be seen in FIG. 12the fluid tube is located between the blade 110 and the chute 40. Inthis configuration it is protected by plates 42. The fluid tube includesan inlet fitting 142 at the top and travels to the bottom end 118 ofblade 110 where it terminates at tube end 146. The cross hatched portionshown in FIG. 11A represents a weld.

Tube end 146 is adapted to attach to a bottom end section 126, asillustrated in FIG. 13. Bottom end section 126 includes void 128 in thetop side 127 as illustrated in FIG. 14. Tube 140 includes a bend thatallows it to enter into void. The tube 140 is then sealed by welding itto the bottom end section 126 and the blade 110 with weld 156 such thatthe fluid is forced into void 128. The bottom end section 126 is alsowelded to the blade 110 at the locations where it contacts the blade110, thus sealing the void 128.

Void 128 intersects void 124 at the bottom-front corner of blade 110. Atthis point the fluid is transferred to void 124 and will flow along thefront edge 112 of blade 110. As described for the previous twoembodiments, the fluid can then be allowed to travel to the edge of theblade and out to the soil either through a gap and spaces between stitchwelds 150, or through a manifold 160 between the front edge sections 120and the blade 110. FIGS. 11 and 12 illustrate the use of the stitchwelds 150 and gaps 151 between stitch welds 150. However, the manifold160 would work equally well.

All the previously described embodiments provide a plow that can betailored to provide fluid injection characteristics to match specificjob requirements. The components are all manufactured with traditionalmanufacturing processes. The flow paths are defined by stacking togetherleading edge sections with flow voids, and welding or otherwiseattaching them to a blade. This configuration provides appropriatefunction and provides an easily tailored configuration.

Obviously many modifications and variations of the present invention arepossible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to beunderstood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the inventionmay be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

1. A leading edge section for a plow comprising: (a) a front edge; (b) aside opposite the front edge including a sealing surface and fluidpassage void, an inside portion of said fluid passage void beingconfigured to be in contact with fluid in the fluid passage void; (c) aplurality of fluid outlet openings disposed at different vertical levelsin said side opposite the front edge for lubricating the front edge asit passes through soil; and (d) a fluid tube operatively attached to thefluid passage void for selectively causing fluid to enter the fluidpassage void. 2-5. (canceled)
 6. A plow for use in installing utilitylines in the ground comprising; (a) a leading edge section comprising:i) a front edge; and ii) a surface opposite the front edge including asealing surface and fluid passage void. (b) a blade comprising a frontsurface, a top end and a bottom end; (c) a manifold comprising a frontsurface and a rear surface with apertures passing from the front surfaceto the rear surface; and (d) wherein a fluid passage is defined by thefluid passage void of the leading edge section and the front surface ofthe manifold when the leading edge section is secured to the frontsurface of the manifold such that the terminal end of the apertures atthe front side of the manifold align with the fluid passage void of theleading edge section.
 7. A plow for use in installing utility lines intothe ground comprising: a) a blade having a top, a bottom, a one side andan another side, a front and a rear; b) a chute disposed behind theblade near the rear edge thereof, the chute having a top portion and abottom portion and at least one channel between the top portion and thebottom portion thereof for receiving at least one utility line in thetop portion above ground and a bottom portion below ground; c) an earthengaging leading edge section operatively disposed in front of the bladefor cutting through the ground as the blade is forced through theground; d) the rear edge of the leading edge section having alongitudinally disposed groove therein; e) a sealing surface disposed oneach side of the longitudinally disposed groove; f) wherein the sealingsurface is operatively attached to at least a portion of the frontportion of the blade whereby a passageway is formed between the rearedge of the leading edge section and the front of the blade; g) at leastone outlet leading from the passageway to a place adjacent the bottom ofthe blade and leading edge whereby fluid in the passageway willlubricate the leading edge section and blade as leading edge and bladepass through the ground; and h) a plurality of other outlets fluidlyconnected to said passageway disposed between the blade and the leadingedge section for lubrication purposes.
 8. The plow of claim 7 whereinthe passageway of the plow is sealed on the edges thereof by a weldbetween the leading edge section and the front of the blade.
 9. The plowof claim 7 wherein the passageway of the plow is sealed by a tubedisposed in at least a portion of the groove.
 10. The plow of claim 7wherein the passageway is connected to a source of liquid above theground, whereby the liquid will flow to said at least one outlet tolubricate the leading edge section and blade as leading edge and bladepass through the ground.
 11. The plow of claim 8 wherein the passagewayis connected to a source of liquid above the ground, whereby the liquidwill flow to said at least one outlet to lubricate the leading edgesection and blade as leading edge and blade pass through the ground. 12.The plow of claim 9 wherein the passageway is connected to a source ofliquid above the ground, whereby the liquid will flow to said at leastone outlet to lubricate the leading edge section and blade as leadingedge and blade pass through the ground.
 13. (canceled)
 14. The plow ofclaim 7 wherein said other outlets are disposed in spaced relationshipto each other between the top and bottom of the blade.
 15. The plow ofclaim 7 wherein some of the other outlets are on said one side of theblade and others of the other outlets are on said another side of theblade.
 16. A plow for use in installing utility lines into the groundcomprising: a) a blade having a top, a bottom, a one side and an anotherside, a front and a rear; b) a chute disposed behind the blade near therear edge thereof, the chute having a top portion and a bottom portionand at least one channel between the top portion and the bottom portionthereof for receiving at least one utility line in the top portion aboveground and a bottom portion below ground; c) an earth engaging leadingedge section operatively disposed in front of the blade for cuttingthrough the ground as the blade is forced through the ground; d) thefront of the blade having a longitudinally disposed groove therein; e) asealing surface disposed on each side of the longitudinally disposedgroove; f) wherein the sealing surface is operatively attached to atleast a front of the blade whereby a passageway is formed between therear edge of the leading edge section and the front of the blade; g) atleast one outlet leading from the passageway to a place adjacent thebottom of the blade and leading edge section whereby fluid in thepassageway will lubricate the leading edge section and blade as leadingedge and blade pass through the ground; and h) a plurality of otheroutlets fluidly connected to said passageway disposed between the bladeand the leading edge section for lubrication purposes.
 17. A plow foruse in installing utility lines into the ground comprising: a) a bladehaving a top, a bottom, a one side and an another side, a front and arear; b) a chute disposed behind the blade near the rear edge thereof,the chute having a top portion and a bottom portion and at least onechannel between the top portion and the bottom portion thereof forreceiving at least one utility line in the top portion above ground anda bottom portion below ground; c) an earth engaging leading edge sectionoperatively disposed in front of the blade for cutting through theground as the blade is forced through the ground; d) the rear edge ofthe leading edge section having a longitudinally disposed groovetherein; e) a sealing surface disposed on each side of thelongitudinally disposed groove; f) wherein the sealing surface isoperatively attached to at least a portion of the front portion of theblade whereby a passageway is formed between the rear edge of theleading edge section and the front of the blade; g) at least one outletleading from the passageway to a place adjacent the bottom of the bladeand leading edge section whereby fluid in the passageway will lubricatethe leading edge section and blade as leading edge section and bladepass through the ground; h) a plurality of other outlets fluidlyconnected to said passageway disposed between the blade and the leadingedge section for lubrication purposes; and i) a passage extendingbetween the blade and the chute, said passage being fluidly connected tosaid passageway.
 18. The plow of claim 17 wherein the passage is fluidlyconnected to a source of liquid above the ground, whereby the liquidwill flow through said passage to said passageway and to said at leastone outlet to lubricate the leading edge section and blade as theleading edge section and blade pass through the ground.
 19. The plow ofclaim 16 wherein said other outlets are disposed in spaced relationshipto each other between the top and bottom of the blade.
 20. The plow ofclaim 16 wherein some of the other outlets are on said one side of theblade and others of the other outlets are on said another side of theblade.
 21. The plow of claim 17 wherein said other outlets are disposedin spaced relationship to each other between the top and bottom of theblade.
 22. The plow of claim 17 wherein some of the other outlets are onsaid one side of the blade and others of the other outlets are on saidanother side of the blade.
 23. A method of using a replaceable leadingedge section for a plow used in installing utilities in the ground, theleading edge section comprising: i) a front edge; and ii) a sideopposite the front edge including a sealing surface and fluid passagevoid; said method comprising: (a) securing the leading edge section to aplow blade comprising a front surface, a top end and a bottom end; (b)providing a fluid passage in the fluid passage void of the leading edgesection and the front surface of the blade when the leading edge sectionis secured to the front surface of the blade; (c) providing a gapbetween the sealing surface of the leading edge section and the frontedge of the blade; and (d) providing a plurality of openings atdifferent vertical positions which are in fluid communication with thegap between the sealing surface of the leading edge section and theblade whereby fluid can pass through the fluid passage to the gap andthen to the plurality of openings for providing fluid to lubricate theleading edge section as it passes through the ground.
 24. The method ofclaim 23, further comprising: (e) wherein the step of securing theleading edge of the plow blade includes selecting a plow blade which hasa front surface that is narrower in width than the width of the leadingedge section.
 25. The method of claim 24, further comprising: (f) theplow blade having a front and a back, and positioning the placement ofthe plurality of openings so the openings are in front of the plowblade.
 26. The method of claim 25, further comprising: (g) positioningthe placement of the openings so the openings are behind the leadingedge section.
 27. A leading edge section for a plow used in installingutilities in the ground, the leading edge section comprising: (a) afront edge portion comprising an angle and a line of bisection of theangle; (b) a projection of the leading edge section on a first planesubstantially perpendicular to the line of bisection of the angle; (c) awidth of said projection of the leading edge section; (d) a second planesubstantially perpendicular to the line of bisection of the angle andintersecting the leading edge section at a rearmost location at which awidth of the leading edge section is equal to the width of theprojection of the leading edge section; and (e) wherein no fluid passageis provided nearer the front edge portion than the second plane.
 28. Theleading edge section of claim 27 additionally comprising a rear side,opposite the front edge, said rear side being substantiallyperpendicular to the line of bisection of the angle.
 29. The leadingedge section of claim 28 wherein said rear side comprises a planarsurface to mate with a blade of a plow used in installing utilities inthe ground.
 30. A leading edge section adapted to be connected to aplow, the leading edge section having a top and a bottom, the leadingedge section comprising: (a) a front edge; (b) a side opposite the frontedge including a rear surface; (c) a left sidewall and a right sidewalleach respectively extending from the front edge to the rear surface; (d)a fluid passage void disposed in the front edge section; (e) an insideportion of said fluid passage void being configured to be in contactwith fluid in the fluid passage void; (f) a fluid passage void openingextending from the top to the bottom in the rear surface of the leadingedge section in liquid communication with the fluid passage void; and(g) wherein there is no fluid passageway opening in the sidewalls infront of the rear surface of the side opposite the front edge, wherebyfluid in the fluid passage void exits behind the rear surface of theleading edge section.
 31. The leading edge section of claim 30, furthercomprising: (h) a plow operatively attached to the leading edge sectionadjacent the rear surface of the leading edge section; (i) a pluralityof fluid outlet openings disposed at different vertical levels 11 saidrear surface of the side opposite the front edge; and (j) a fluid tubeoperatively attached to the fluid passage void for selectively causingfluid to enter the fluid passage void.